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D. WBLBURN.

PORTABLE HOUSE.

N0. 391,442. Patented Oct. 23, 188B.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2. D. WELBURN.

PORTABLE HOUSE.

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NrTEo STATES DRUMMOND WELBURN, OF ORLANDO, FLORIDA.

PORTABLE HOUSE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 391,.t42, dated October 23, 1888.

Application tiled August, 30 1887. Serial No. 248,327.

To all whom it may cmwer'n:

Be it known that I, DRUMMOND WELBURN, of Orlando, in the county of Orange and State of Florida, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Construction of Houses, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is an improvement in the con struction of houses; and it consists in certain features of construction and novel combinations of parts, as will be hereinafter first fully described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical crosssection of my improved house. Fig. 2 is adetail viewof one of the floor-sections. Fig. 3 is a detail view of one of the roofsections. Fig. 4 is a detached cross-section on about line or x,Fig. 1. Fig.5 is a detached section on about line y 3 Fig.1. Fig.6 is a detached section on line z a, Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail section showing one of the windows, and Fig. 8 is an enlarged section of the comb of the roof.

In the construction of my improved house I employ floor-j oists A, two by six, which are set on edge four feet apart. These joists may be rested on the ground or on sills or other prepared foundation, as may be desired. In the upper sides of these joists, near their ends, I drive spikes a, such spikes being arranged one inch out from the edge of the floor when the latter is laid in the manner hereinafter described. The floor is laid on these joists A, and is formed in sections B, each two feet wide. Each section may be held together by the strips or cleats B, arranged in pairs sufficiently separated to embrace the joists A and steady them in position. At one end the strips extend at 1) past the edge of the section B, to which they are secured, andlap under the adjacent section, thus serving to secure such sections in close connection with each other. On the upper side of the floor, at each end,I secure a pair of cleats, 0, set oneinch apart and made two inches high, forming a groove one inch wide and two inches deep. These strips 0 extend at one end beyond the sections to which they are secured, the extensions 0 serving, in connection with the extensions 2), to further brace the floor-sections together.

The gable ends D are formed in sections d two feet wide, and made of tongue-and-groove (No model.)

stuff, novelty siding, or other suitabie construction, and may be held together in similar manner to the floor-sections before described.

Cleats E and E E are employed to unite the sections d, the cleatE being the base-cleat and the cleats E the side cleats, the parts being united and forming a triangular shaped bracing-frame. The side cleats,E, are secured about eight inches in from the edges of the gable,while the base-cleat E is about two inches from the bottom of the sections. The portion of the ends below the cleat E fits in the groove between the cleats O. The ends are further strengthened by a sliding clasp, F, forming practically a box-clasp slipped over the apex of the end, and serving to clasp the sections firmly together and to the brace-cleats. This clasp F also forms the upper groove and guide of a sliding glass door, G, the lower end of which door slides on the base-strip E of the triangular brace-frame, and is held in place by a board, Ff, six feet long, fastened to the base-strip E, and rising one inch higher than such board.

The roofing sides G are made of novelty siding in sections two feet wide, the boards of the sections being braced together in like manner to the sectional parts before described-such, for instance, as the floor and gable ends. On the under side of and at each end of the roof sections I provide cleats g in pairs, as shown, arranged one inch apart, and made two inches thick to form grooves one inch wide and twoinches deep, which receive the edges of the gable ends. I also provide two pairs of cleats, H, forming grooves, arranged midway between the ends and the center of the structure. These grooves receive rafters I, which are joined together under the comb and rest on the floor over the floorjoists. These rafters are made of one-by-four stuff and set edgewise, so as to keep the roof sides from sagging. The lower sections of both sides are set edgewise on the joists A between theedges of the floor and the spikes a in the joists. These sides are held tightly in place by the spikesa and the floor by their hold upon the gable ends, and also by their hold upon the one-by-four rafters.

Each of theinside cleats of the roof extends at one end above the section to which it is secured, lapping the adjacent one, so that each added section increases the force of the clutch or grip, by which all of the parts of the entire building are firmly held together.

For light and ventilation, in addition to the sliding glass doors at the end, the house has a swinging windowJ, in each side. To exclude rain, a piece of tin, j, is inserted under the edge of the siding, forming a cap over and beyond the window, and a similar piece, j, may be tacked to the lower edge of the sash.

Additional ventilation is secured by attaching the top section of one of the sides to the one next below by strap-hinges, so that in sultry weather a pole may be used to open said section to let out the foul air. This hinged upper section should be four inches wider than the one opposite, so as to extend thereover and form a rain-proof comb. To form the porch K, an additional joist A and plank four feet longer is all that is necessary, and where two houses are arranged close together a porch may extend between them, forming a passageway, or by extending one porch a few inches over another a wide platform will be provided between the two houses, by inclosing which an additional room may be provided, all forming practically a house with three rooms.

Manifestly, canvas, gum-cloth, paper, and metal may be used as materials in the structare of the sections forming parts of my houses. It will be understood that the principles involved in my invention may be embodied in the building of out-houses and houses for birds and beasts. It will also be understood that the principles before described can be embodiedin the construction oftwo-storyhouses.

Having thus described my invention,what I claim as new is- 1. In a house, the combination, with the floorjoists, of the floor placed thereon and cleats secured to said floor and depending therefrom on opposite sides of the joists and forming grooves in which said joists are seated, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In a house, the combination, with the floor-joists and the floor thereon, of the sides rested on the joists against the edges of the floor and the spikes driven into said joists out side of the sides, substantially as set forth.

3. In a house, a section or part formed of a number of boards and provided with cleats v fixed to said boards, whereby to secure them together, and arranged in pairs, the cleats of each pair being slightly separated, forming a groove between them, substantially as set forth.

4. In a house, a section or part formed of a number of boards and provided with cleats secured to said boards and arranged in pairs, the cleats of each pair being separated, forming grooves, and such cleats being extended at one end past the section to which they are secured, whereby to lap the adjacent section, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. In astructure substantially as described, a section or part provided with cleats secured transversely to it, such cleats terminating at one end a distance in from one edge of the section as distinguished from extending toapoint flush with said edge, and being extended at their opposite ends beyond the opposite edge of such section, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of the floor, the ends, the sides, one of which is formed in sections and has its upper section overlapping the upper end of the other side, the lower edge of said overlapping section being hinged, whereby such section may be opened, substantially as set forth.

7. In a structure substantially as described, the end piece having inclined edges,combined with the clasp fitted thereover and engaging said edges, substantially asset forth.

8. The combination of the rafters, the end pieces, and the sides having cleats secured to their under sides, forming grooves fitted to receive the said end pieces and rafters, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

'9. The combination of the floor having cleats, forming a groove fitted to receive the end, the end having inclined edges, the clasp fitted over said end and forming a guide for the upper end of the door, and the door, sub stantially as and for the purposes specified.

10. The improved structure herein described, consisting of the floor-joists set edgewise the floor formed in sections, such sections being provided in their under sides with cleats arranged in pairs, forming grooves,and extended at one end past thesections to which they are secured and lapping the adjacent sections, the cleats secured on the upper side of the floor near its ends and arranged in pairs, forming grooves to receive the ends of the structure, the ends having inclined edges, the braces fitting over said ends and forming a guide for the doors, the doors, and the sides, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

DRUMMON D WELB URN.

Vitncsscs:

W. R. ONEAL, INGRAM FLETCHER. 

